An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures
Full Text (PDF)
Abu Tayab Moin 1, Mohammad Al-baruni Chowdhury 1, Sumaiya Hafiz Riana 1, Md. Asad Ullah 2 , Yusha Araf 3, Bishajit Sarkar 2, Abdullah Mohammad Shohael 2 *
More Detail
1 Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, BANGLADESH2 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, BANGLADESH3 Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, BANGLADESH* Corresponding Author
Abstract
Purpose: High prevalence of recurrent HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus 1) and its facile mode of transmission requires an elaborated understanding of the virus for mollification. To mitigate its pervasive nature that greatly affects both men and women, a thorough understanding of the viral genome and epidemiology are prerequisites. The review focuses on the existing facts of HSV-1 and acknowledges the prospect of ongoing epidemiological studies.
Findings: Recent data indicates a surge of HSV-1 infection in the age ranged 30-50 years along with the emergence of neonatal cases. The newfound receptors indicate the effect and degree of susceptibility of the host and support the statistical data of HSV-1 seropositivity. Recent studies also show that the evolving virus has gained resistance against widely used antiviral drugs such as Acyclovir (ACV). Therefore, trials of several vaccines (eg. GEN-003and HerpV) are garnering attention as a possible prevention method.
Summary: As most natural viruses are radically evolving, ensuing rather fatal consequences than previous wild types, every virus requires to be tackled with equal importance. Developing vaccines and potent drugs to eradicate viruses from infected subjects’ systems can be the only way to prevent future viral epidemics or pandemics. Therefore, early detection of the virus with accurate assay following immediate treatment can only prevent the cases from future catastrophe.
License
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article Type: Review Article
ELECTRON J GEN MED, Volume 18, Issue 4, August 2021, Article No: em299
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
Publication date: 01 May 2021
Article Views: 3257
Article Downloads: 6660
Open Access References How to cite this articleReferences
- Arvin AM. Overview of Classification. Essay. In Human Herpesviruses: Biology, Therapy and Immunoprophylaxis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511545313
- Crimi S, Fiorillo L, Bianchi A, D'Amico C, Amoroso G, Gorassini F, Mastroieni R, Marino S, Scoglio C, Catalano F, Campagna P. Herpes Virus, Oral Clinical Signs and QoL: Systematic Review of Recent Data. Viruses. 2019 May;11(5):463.10. Caspermeyer J. Herpes STDs: From Chimps to Humans to Cold Sore Cousin Mixing Before Worldwide Spread. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11050463 PMid:31117264 PMCid:PMC6563194
- Zmasek CM, Knipe DM, Pellett PE, Scheuermann RH. Classification of human Herpesviridae proteins using Domain-architecture Aware Inference of Orthologs (DAIO). Virology. 2019 Mar 1;529:29-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.005 PMid:30660046 PMCid:PMC6502252
- Albà MM, Das R, Orengo CA, Kellam P. Genomewide function conservation and phylogeny in the Herpesviridae. Genome research. 2001 Jan 1;11(1):43-54. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.149801 PMid:11156614 PMCid: PMC311046
- Davison AJ. Herpesvirus systematics. Veterinary microbiology. 2010 Jun 16;143(1):52-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.02.014 PMid:20346601 PMCid: PMC2995426
- Leung AK, Barankin B. Herpes labialis: an update. Recent patents on inflammation & allergy drug discovery. 2017 Oct 1;11(2):107-13. https://doi.org/10.2174/1872213X11666171003151717 PMid:28971780
- Opstelten W, Neven AK, Eekhof J. Treatment and prevention of herpes labialis. Canadian Family Physician. 2008 Dec 1;54(12):1683-7.
- Embil JA, Stephens RG, Manuel FR. Prevalence of recurrent herpes labialis and aphthous ulcers among young adults on six continents. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 1975 Oct 4;113(7):627.
- Spruance SL, Nett R, Marbury T, Wolff R, Johnson J, Theodore Spaulding for The Acyclovir Cream Study Group. Acyclovir cream for treatment of herpes simplex labialis: results of two randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter clinical trials. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2002 Jul 1;46(7):2238-43. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.46.7.2238-2243.2002 PMid:12069980 PMCid:PMC127288
- Sarnoff DS. Treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD. 2014 Sep;13(9):1016.
- Van der Linden MW, Westert GP, De Bakker DH, Schellevis FG. Second national study into diseases and actions in general practice. Utrecht, Bilthoven: Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). 2004.
- Armangue T, Spatola M, Vlagea A, Mattozzi S, Cárceles-Cordon M, Martinez-Heras E, Llufriu S, Muchart J, Erro ME, Abraira L, Moris G. Frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis: a prospective observational study and retrospective analysis. The Lancet Neurology. 2018 Sep 1;17(9):760-72.
- Saleh D, Sharma S. Herpes Simplex Type 1. InStatPearls 2019. StatPearls Publishing.
- Koujah L, Suryawanshi RK, Shukla D. Pathological processes activated by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection in the cornea. Cellular and molecular life sciences. 2019 Feb 15;76(3):405-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-018-2938-1 PMid:30327839 PMCid:PMC6349487
- Underdown SJ, Kumar K, Houldcroft C. Network analysis of the hominin origin of Herpes Simplex virus 2 from fossil data. Virus evolution. 2017 Jul;3(2):vex026. https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vex026 PMid:28979799 PMCid:PMC5617628
- Kitchen A, Shackelton LA, Holmes EC. Family level phylogenies reveal modes of macroevolution in RNA viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2011 Jan 4;108(1):238-43. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011090108 PMid:21173251 PMCid:PMC3017157
- Wertheim JO, Smith MD, Smith DM, Scheffler K, Kosakovsky Pond SL. Evolutionary origins of human herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. Molecular biology and evolution. 2014 Sep 1;31(9):2356-64. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu185 PMid:24916030 PMCid:PMC4137711
- Patterson N, Richter DJ, Gnerre S, Lander ES, Reich D. Genetic evidence for complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees. Nature. 2006 Jun;441(7097):1103-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04789 PMid:16710306
- McGeoch DJ, Cook S, Dolan A, Jamieson FE, Telford EA. Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for the family of mammalian herpesviruses. Journal of molecular biology. 1995 Mar 31;247(3):443-58. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1995.0152 PMid:7714900
- Luebcke E, Dubovi E, Black D, Ohsawa K, Eberle R. Isolation and characterization of a chimpanzee alphaherpesvirus. Journal of General Virology. 2006 Jan 1;87(1):11-9. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81606-0 PMid:16361413
- Norberg P, Tyler S, Severini A, Whitley R, Liljeqvist JÅ, Bergström T. A genome-wide comparative evolutionary analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella zoster virus. PloS one. 2011 Jul 25;6(7):e22527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022527 PMid:21799886 PMCid: PMC3143153
- Aloyouny AY, Albagieh HN, Al-Serwi RH. Oral and perioral herpes simplex virus infection type I in a five-month-old infant: A case report. World Journal of Clinical Cases. 2021 Jan 26;9(3):685. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i3.685 PMid:33553409 PMCid:PMC7829727
- Vergou T. Herpes Simplex Virus Infection (Orofacial). InEuropean Handbook of Dermatological Treatments 2015 (pp. 373-377). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45139-7_38
- Pinninti SG, Kimberlin DW. Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. InSeminars in perinatology 2018 Apr 1 (Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 168-175). WB Saunders. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2018.02.004 PMid:29544668
- Patton ME, Bernstein K, Liu G, Zaidi A, Markowitz LE. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 among pregnant women and sexually active, nonpregnant women in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2018 Oct 30;67(10):1535-42. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy318 PMid:29668856 PMCid:PMC6369524
- Vyse AJ, Gay NJ, Slomka MJ, Gopal R, Gibbs T, Morgan-Capner P, Brown DW. The burden of infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2 in England and Wales: implications for the changing epidemiology of genital herpes. Sexually transmitted infections. 2000 Jun 1;76(3):183-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.76.3.183 PMid:10961195 PMCid: PMC1744133
- Hogestyn JM, Mock DJ, Mayer-Proschel M. Contributions of neurotropic human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 and human herpesvirus 6 to neurodegenerative disease pathology. Neural regeneration research. 2018 Feb;13(2):211. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.226380 PMid:29557362 PMCid:PMC5879884
- Freifeld AG, Hilliard J, Southers J, Murray M, Savarese B, Schmitt JM, Straus SE. A controlled seroprevalence survey of primate handlers for evidence of asymptomatic herpes B virus infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1995 Apr 1;171(4):1031-4. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/171.4.1031 PMid:7706783
- Elmore D, Eberle R. Monkey B virus (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1). Comparative medicine. 2008 Feb 1;58(1):11-21.
- Hilliard J. Monkey B virus. Human herpesviruses: biology, therapy, and immunoprophylaxis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007.
- Severini A, Tyler SD, Peters GA, Black D, Eberle R. Genome sequence of a chimpanzee herpesvirus and its relation to other primate alphaherpesviruses. Archives of virology. 2013 Aug 1;158(8):1825-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1666-y PMid:23508549 PMCid:PMC5874796
- Eberle R, Black DH, Lipper S, Hilliard JK. Herpesvirus papio 2, an SA8-like α-herpesvirus of baboons. Archives of virology. 1995 Mar 1;140(3):529-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01718429 PMid:7733825
- Clarkson MJ, Thorpe E, McCarthy K. A virus disease of captive vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) caused by a new herpesvirus. Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung. 1967 Mar 1;22(1-2):219-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01240517 PMid:4301195
- Lee MH, Rostal MK, Hughes T, Sitam F, Lee CY, Japning J, Harden ME, Griffiths A, Basir M, Wolfe ND, Epstein JH. Macacine herpesvirus 1 in long-tailed macaques, Malaysia, 2009-2011. Emerging infectious diseases. 2015 Jul;21(7):1107. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2107.140162 PMid:26080081 PMCid:PMC4480374
- Tyler S, Severini A, Black D, Walker M, Eberle R. Structure and sequence of the saimiriine herpesvirus 1 genome. Virology. 2011 Feb 5;410(1):181-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.11.008 PMid:21130483 PMCid:PMC3017652
- Eberle R, Jones-Engel L. Understanding primate herpesviruses. Journal of emerging diseases and virology. 2017 Mar;3(1). https://doi.org/10.16966/2473-1846.127 PMid:29607423 PMCid:PMC5878061
- Chemaitelly H, Nagelkerke N, Omori R, Abu-Raddad LJ. Characterizing herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence declines and epidemiological association in the United States. PloS one. 2019 Jun 6;14(6):e0214151. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214151 PMid:31170140 PMCid:PMC6553692
- Fleming DT, McQuillan GM, Johnson RE, Nahmias AJ, Aral SO, Lee FK, St. Louis ME. Herpes simplex virus type 2 in the United States, 1976 to 1994. New England Journal of Medicine. 1997 Oct 16;337(16):1105-11. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199710163371601 PMid:9329932
- Melendez LV, Hunt RD, King NW, Barahona HH, Daniel MD, Fraser CE, Garcia FG. Herpesvirus ateles, a new lymphoma virus of monkeys. Nature New Biology. 1972 Feb 9;235(58):182-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/newbio235182b0 PMid:4621875
- Mody PH, Pathak S, Hanson LK, Spencer JV. Herpes Simplex Virus: A Versatile Tool for Insights Into Evolution, Gene Delivery, and Tumor Immunotherapy. Virology: Research and Treatment. 2020 May;11:1178122X20913274. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178122X20913274
- Brown JC. Herpes simplex virus latency: the DNA repair-centered pathway. Advances in virology. 2017;2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7028194 PMid:28255301 PMCid:PMC5309397
- Bloom DC. Alphaherpesvirus latency: a dynamic state of transcription and reactivation. InAdvances in virus research 2016 Jan 1 (Vol. 94, pp. 53-80). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2015.10.001 PMid:26997590
- Thellman NM, Triezenberg SJ. Herpes simplex virus establishment, maintenance, and reactivation: in vitro modeling of latency. Pathogens. 2017 Sep;6(3):28. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens6030028 PMid:28644417 PMCid:PMC5617985
- Whitley RJ. The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus infections. The human herpesviruses. 1993;69.
- Bruce AJ, Rogers III RS. Oral manifestations of sexually transmitted diseases. Clinics in dermatology. 2004 Nov 1;22(6):520-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.07.005 PMid:15596324
- Karaba AH, Kopp SJ, Longnecker R. Herpesvirus entry mediator and nectin-1 mediate herpes simplex virus 1 infection of the murine cornea. Journal of virology. 2011 Oct 1;85(19):10041-7. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.05445-11 PMid:21795335 PMCid:PMC3196397
- Connolly SA, Jackson JO, Jardetzky TS, Longnecker R. Fusing structure and function: a structural view of the herpesvirus entry machinery. Nature reviews Microbiology. 2011 May;9(5):369-81. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2548 PMid:21478902 PMCid:PMC3242325
- Reske A, Pollara G, Krummenacher C, Chain BM, Katz DR. Understanding HSV‐1 entry glycoproteins. Reviews in medical virology. 2007 May;17(3):205-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.531 PMid:17295428 PMCid:PMC7169067
- Alandijany T, Roberts AP, Conn KL, Loney C, McFarlane S, Orr A, Boutell C. Distinct temporal roles for the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) protein in the sequential regulation of intracellular host immunity to HSV-1 infection. PLoS pathogens. 2018 Jan;14(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006769 PMid:29309427 PMCid: PMC5757968
- Mastrolorenzo A, Giomi B, Tiradritti L, Zuccati G. Oral manifestations of sexually transmitted infections. Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia: organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia. 2012 Aug;147(4):373-88.
- Nicoll MP, Proença JT, Efstathiou S. The molecular basis of herpes simplex virus latency. FEMS microbiology reviews. 2012 May 1;36(3):684-705. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00320.x PMid:22150699 PMCid:PMC3492847
- Cook ML, Stevens JG. Pathogenesis of herpetic neuritis and ganglionitis in mice: evidence for intra-axonal transport of infection. Infection and Immunity. 1973 Feb 1;7(2):272-88. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.7.2.272-288.1973 PMid:4348966 PMCid:PMC422671
- Davis CP. Oral Herpes (Cold Sores) Symptoms, Treatment, Testing & Pictures. eMedicineHealth. eMedicineHealth; 2019. Available at: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/oral_herpes/article_em.htm#oral_herpes_hsv-1_herpes_simplex_virus-1_facts (Accessed: 15 April 2020).
- Knipe DM, Howley P. Fields virology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013 May 21.
- Grondin B, DeLuca N. Herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP4 promotes transcription preinitiation complex formation by enhancing the binding of TFIID to DNA. Journal of virology. 2000 Dec 15;74(24):11504-10. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.74.24.11504-11510.2000 PMid:11090147 PMCid:PMC112430
- Opstelten W, Neven AK, Eekhof J. Treatment and prevention of herpes labialis. Canadian Family Physician. 2008 Dec 1;54(12):1683-7.
- Emmert DH. Treatment of common cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections. American family physician. 2000 Mar 15;61(6):1697-704.
- Johnston G, Sladden M. Scabies: diagnosis and treatment. Bmj. 2005 Sep 15;331(7517):619-22. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7517.619 PMid:16166133 PMCid: PMC1215558
- Sucato G, Wald A, Wakabayashi E, Vieira J, Corey L. Evidence of latency and reactivation of both herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 in the genital region. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1998 Apr 1;177(4):1069-72. https://doi.org/10.1086/515261 PMid:9534984
- Whitley RJ, Roizman B. Herpes simplex virus infections. The lancet. 2001 May 12;357(9267):1513-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04638-9
- Hendricks RL, Weber PC, Taylor JL, Koumbis A, Tumpey TM, Glorioso JC. Endogenously produced interferon α protects mice from herpes simplex virus type 1 corneal disease. Journal of general virology. 1991 Jul 1;72(7):1601-10. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-72-7-1601 PMid:1649898
- Amin I, Younas S, Afzal S, Shahid M, Idrees M. Herpes simplex virus type 1 and host antiviral immune responses: an update. Viral immunology. 2019 Dec 1;32(10):424-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/vim.2019.0097 PMid:31599707
- Cheng H, Tumpey TM, Staats HF, van Rooijen N, Oakes JE, Lausch RN. Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2000 May 1;41(6):1402-9.
- Finberg RW, Kurt-Jones EA. Viruses and Toll-like receptors. Microbes and infection. 2004 Dec 1;6(15):1356-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2004.08.013 PMid:15596120
- Lund J, Sato A, Akira S, Medzhitov R, Iwasaki A. Toll-like receptor 9-mediated recognition of Herpes simplex virus-2 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The Journal of experimental medicine. 2003 Aug 4;198(3):513-20. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20030162 PMid:12900525 PMCid:PMC2194085
- Kibata K, Ito T, Inaba M, Tanaka A, Iwata R, Inagaki-Katashiba N, Phan V, Satake A, Nomura S. The immunomodulatory-drug, lenalidomide, sustains and enhances interferon-α production by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Journal of blood medicine. 2019;10:217. https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S206459 PMid:31372079 PMCid:PMC6635835
- Khanna KM, Lepisto AJ, Decman V, Hendricks RL. Immune control of herpes simplex virus during latency. Current opinion in immunology. 2004 Aug 1;16(4):463-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.003 PMid:15245740
- Praest P, Liaci AM, Förster F, Wiertz EJ. New insights into the structure of the MHC class I peptide-loading complex and mechanisms of TAP inhibition by viral immune evasion proteins. Molecular immunology. 2019 Sep 1;113:103-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2018.03.020 PMid:29606337
- Mikloska Z, Kesson AM, Penfold ME, Cunningham AL. Herpes simplex virus protein targets for CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte cytotoxicity in cultured epidermal keratinocytes treated with interferon-γ. The Journal of infectious diseases. 1996 Jan 1;173(1):7-17. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/173.1.7 PMid:8537685
- Huang R, Wu J, Zhou X, Jiang H, Zhou GG, Roizman B. Herpes simplex virus 1 microRNA miR-H28 exported to uninfected cells in exosomes restricts cell-to-cell virus spread by inducing gamma interferon mRNA. Journal of virology. 2019 Nov 1;93(21). https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01005-19 PMid:31413129 PMCid:PMC6803268
- Bauer D, Alt M, Dirks M, Buch A, Heilingloh CS, Dittmer U, Giebel B, Görgens A, Palapys V, Kasper M, Eis-Hübinger AM. A therapeutic antiviral antibody inhibits the anterograde directed neuron-to-cell spread of herpes simplex virus and protects against ocular disease. Frontiers in microbiology. 2017 Oct 31;8:2115. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02115 PMid:29163407 PMCid:PMC5671610
- Roychoudhury P, Swan DA, Duke E, Corey L, Zhu J, Davé V, Spuhler LR, Lund JM, Prlic M, Schiffer JT. Tissue-resident T cell-derived cytokines eliminate herpes simplex virus-2-infected cells. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2020 Apr 27;130(6). https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI132583 PMid: 32125285 PMCid:PMC7260013
- Cunningham AL, Diefenbach RJ, Miranda‐Saksena M, Bosnjak L, Kim M, Jones C, Douglas MW. The cycle of human herpes simplex virus infection: virus transport and immune control. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2006 Sep 1;194(Supplement_1):S11-8. https://doi.org/10.1086/505359 PMid:16921466
- Stock C, Guillen-Grima F, de Mendoza JH, Marin-Fernandez B, Aguinaga-Ontoso I, Krämer A. Risk factors of herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) infection and lifestyle factors associated with HSV-1 manifestations. European journal of epidemiology. 2001 Sep 1;17(9):885-90. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015652713971 PMid:12081109
- Kropp RY, Wong T, Cormier L, Ringrose A, Burton S, Embree JE, Steben M. Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections in Canada: results of a 3-year national prospective study. Pediatrics. 2006 Jun 1;117(6):1955-62. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1778 PMid:16740836
- Stock C, Wille L, Krämer A. Gender-specific health behaviors of German university students predict the interest in campus health promotion. Health promotion international. 2001 Jun 1;16(2):145-54. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/16.2.145 PMid:11356753
- Malkin JE, Morand P, Malvy D, Ly TD, Chanzy B, De Labareyre C, El Hasnaoui A, Hercberg S. Seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection in the general French population. Sexually transmitted infections. 2002 Jun 1;78(3):201-3. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.78.3.201 PMid: 12238654 PMCid:PMC1744464
- Burrel S, Boutolleau D, Ryu D, Agut H, Merkel K, Leendertz FH, Calvignac-Spencer S. Ancient recombination events between human herpes simplex viruses. Molecular biology and evolution. 2017 Jul 1;34(7):1713-21. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx113 PMid:28369565 PMCid: PMC5455963
- Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P, Bertrais S, Mennen L, Malvy D, Roussel AM, Favier A, Briançon S. The SU. VI. MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Archives of internal medicine. 2004 Nov 22;164(21):2335-42. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.164.21.2335 PMid:15557412
- Hercberg S. The SU. VI. MAX study, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals on health. InAnnales pharmaceutiques francaises 2006 Nov;64(6):397-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4509(06)75335-4
- Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P, Roussel AM, Arnaud J, Richard MJ, Malvy D, Paul-Dauphin A, Briancon S, Favier A. Background and rationale behind the SU. VI. MAX Study, a prevention trial using nutritional doses of a combination of antioxidant vitamins and minerals to reduce cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Supplementation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants Study. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin-und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition. 1998;68(1):3-20.
- Roberts CM, Pfister JR, Spear SJ. Increasing proportion of herpes simplex virus type 1 as a cause of genital herpes infection in college students. Sexually transmitted diseases. 2003 Oct 1;30(10):797-800. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.OLQ.0000092387.58746.C7 PMid:14520181
- American College Health Association. National college health assessment: Reference group executive summary. Hanover: American College Health Association. 2010.
- Bernstein DI, Bellamy AR, Hook III EW, Levin MJ, Wald A, Ewell MG, Wolff PA, Deal CD, Heineman TC, Dubin G, Belshe RB. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and antibody response to primary infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in young women. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2013 Feb 1;56(3):344-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis891 PMid:23087395 PMCid:PMC3540038
- McQuillan GM, Kruszon-Moran D, Flagg EW, Paulose-Ram R. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14-49: United States, 2015-2016. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics; 2018 Feb.
- Bradley H, Markowitz LE, Gibson T, McQuillan GM. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2-United States, 1999-2010. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2014 Feb 1;209(3):325-33. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit458 PMid:24136792
- Brugha R, Keersmaekers K, Renton A, Meheus A. Genital herpes infection: a review. International journal of epidemiology. 1997 Aug 1;26(4):698-709. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/26.4.698 PMid:9279600
- Qutub M, Akhter J. Epidemiology of genital herpes (HSV-2) among brothel based female sex workers in Bangladesh. European journal of epidemiology. 2003 Sep 1;18(9):903-5. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025607913408 PMid:14561051
- Cowan FM, French RS, Mayaud P, Gopal R, Robinson NJ, De Oliveira SA, Faillace T, Uusküla A, Nygård-Kibur M, Ramalingam S, Sridharan G. Seroepidemiological study of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in Brazil, Estonia, India, Morocco, and Sri Lanka. Sex Transm Infect. 2003 Aug 1;79(4):286-90. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.79.4.286 PMid:12902576 PMCid:PMC1744730
- Hashido M, Lee FK, Nahmias AJ, Tsugami H, Isomura S, Nagata Y, Sonoda S, Kawana T. An epidemiologic study of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 infection in Japan based on type-specific serological assays. Epidemiology & Infection. 1998 Mar;120(2):179-86. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095026889700856X PMid:9593488 PMCid:PMC2809388
- Doi Y, Ninomiya T, Hata J, Yonemoto K, Tanizaki Y, Arima H, Liu Y, Rahman M, Iida M, Kiyohara Y. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 in a population-based cohort in Japan. Journal of epidemiology. 2009 Mar 5:0903030072. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20080061 PMid:19265271 PMCid:PMC3924115
- Lin H, He N, Su M, Feng J, Chen L, Gao M. Herpes simplex virus infections among rural residents in eastern China. BMC infectious diseases. 2011 Dec;11(1):69. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-11-69 PMid:21414231 PMCid:PMC3068093
- Liang YY, Zhai HY, Li ZJ, Jin X, Chen Y, Chen SP. Prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and herpes simplex virus in Beijing, China. Epidemiology & Infection. 2019;147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268818003163 PMid:30501682 PMCid:PMC6518584
- Chaabane S, Harfouche M, Chemaitelly H, Schwarzer G, Abu-Raddad LJ. Herpes simplex virus type 1 epidemiology in the Middle East and North Africa: systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions. Scientific reports. 2019 Feb 4;9(1):1-1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37833-8 PMid:30718696 PMCid:PMC6362060
- Ibrahim AI, Obeid MT, Jouma MJ, Roemer K, Mueller-Lantzsch N, Gärtner BC. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2), varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of Middle Eastern patients with encephalitis. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2005 Aug 1;43(8):4172-4. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.8.4172-4174.2005 PMid:16081968 PMCid:PMC1233955
- Nabi SN, Wasey AF, Haider KM, Khan AA, Hoque MM. Seroprevalence of TORCH antibody in pregnant women. Journal Of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh. 2012;8(1):35-9. https://doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v8i1.13537
- Nasrallah GK, Dargham SR, Mohammed LI, Abu‐Raddad LJ. Estimating seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 among different Middle East and North African male populations residing in Qatar. Journal of medical virology. 2018 Jan;90(1):184-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24916 PMid:28817197 PMCid:PMC5724503
- Patnaik P, Herrero R, Morrow RA, MuNOz N, Bosch FX, Bayo S, El Gueddari B, Caceres E, Chichareon SB, Castellsague X, Meijer CJ. Type-specific seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 and associated risk factors in middle-aged women from 6 countries: the IARC multicentric study. Sexually transmitted diseases. 2007 Dec 1;34(12):1019-24 https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31811f4118 PMid:18080353
- Cowan FM, French RS, Mayaud P, Gopal R, Robinson NJ, De Oliveira SA, Faillace T, Uusküla A, Nygård-Kibur M, Ramalingam S, Sridharan G. Seroepidemiological study of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in Brazil, Estonia, India, Morocco, and Sri Lanka. Sex Transm Infect. 2003 Aug 1;79(4):286-90. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.79.4.286 PMid:12902576 PMCid:PMC1744730
- Pereira VS, Moizeis RN, Fernandes TA, Araújo JM, Meissner RV, Fernandes JV. Herpes simplex virus type 1 is the main cause of genital herpes in women of Natal, Brazil. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2012 Apr 1;161(2):190-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.12.006 PMid:22424592
- Lupi O. Prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex infection among patients at high risk for HIV infection in Brazil. International journal of dermatology. 2011 Jun;50(6):709-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04863.x PMid:21595666
- Cunningham AL, Taylor R, Taylor J, Marks C, Shaw J, Mindel A. Prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in Australia: a nationwide population based survey. Sexually transmitted infections. 2006 Apr 1;82(2):164-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.2005.016899 PMid:16581748 PMCid:PMC2564694
- Tran T, Druce JD, Catton MC, Kelly H, Birch CJ. Changing epidemiology of genital herpes simplex virus infection in Melbourne, Australia, between 1980 and 2003. Sexually transmitted infections. 2004 Aug 1;80(4):277-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.2004.009753 PMid:15295125 PMCid:PMC1744857
- Durukan D, Fairley CK, Bradshaw CS, Read TR, Druce J, Catton M, Caly L, Chow EP. Increasing proportion of herpes simplex virus type 1 among women and men diagnosed with first-episode anogenital herpes: a retrospective observational study over 14 years in Melbourne, Australia. Sexually transmitted infections. 2019 Jun 1;95(4):307-13. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053830 PMid:30554143
- James C, Harfouche M, Welton NJ, Turner KM, Abu-Raddad LJ, Gottlieb SL, Looker KJ. Herpes simplex virus: global infection prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2020 May 1;98(5):315. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.19.237149 PMid: 32514197 PMCid:PMC7265941
- Lee FK, Pereira L, Griffin C, Reid E, Nahmias A. A novel glycoprotein for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1-specific antibodies. Journal of virological methods. 1986 Sep 1;14(2):111-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(86)90041-8
- Honess RW, Powell KL, Robinson DJ, Sim C, Watson DH. Type specific and type common antigens in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 and on the surfaces of naked and enveloped particles of the virus. Journal of General Virology. 1974 Feb 1;22(2):159-69. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-22-2-159 PMid:4132223
- Mark HD, Nanda JP, Roberts J, Rompalo A, Melendez JH, Zenilman J. Performance of focus ELISA tests for HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies among university students with no history of genital herpes. Sexually transmitted diseases. 2007 Sep;34(9):681. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.olq.0000258307.18831.f0 PMid:17457239 PMCid:PMC2648390
- Matić-Petrović S, Zelić K, Milašin J, Popović B, Pucar A, Zelić O. Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 in gingival crevicular fluid of gingival sulcus/periodontal pocket using polymerase chain reaction. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo. 2014;142(5-6):296-300. https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1406296M
- Navidad J, Pfotenhauer B, Leigh N, Maas E, Gradus S, Bhattacharyya S. Clinical evaluation and cost analysis of a Trioplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 in cutaneous and mucocutaneous lesions. Journal of medical microbiology. 2019 May 1;68(5):748-54. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000971 PMid:30938666
- De Clercq E. Antiviral drugs in current clinical use. Journal of clinical virology. 2004 Jun 1;30(2):115-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2004.02.009 PMid:15125867
- McKeough MB, Spruance SL. Comparison of new topical treatments for herpes labialis: efficacy of penciclovir cream, acyclovir cream, and n-docosanol cream against experimental cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Archives of dermatology. 2001 Sep 1;137(9):1153-8. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.137.9.1153 PMid:11559210
- Mohseni AH, Taghinezhad-S S, Keyvani H, Ghobadi N. Comparison of acyclovir and multistrain Lactobacillus brevis in women with recurrent genital herpes infections: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins. 2018 Dec;10(4):740-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-017-9320-8 PMid:28852985
- Birkmann A, Zimmermann H. HSV antivirals-current and future treatment options. Current opinion in virology. 2016 Jun 1;18:9-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2016.01.013 PMid:26897058
- Whitley R, Baines J. Clinical management of herpes simplex virus infections: past, present, and future. F1000Research. 2018;7. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.16157.1 PMid:30443341 PMCid:PMC6213787
- van Velzen M, Missotten T, van Loenen FB, Meesters RJ, Luider TM, Baarsma GS, Osterhaus AD, Verjans GM. Acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 in intra-ocular fluid samples of herpetic uveitis patients. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2013 Jul 1;57(3):215-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2013.03.014 PMid:23582986
- Frobert E, Burrel S, Ducastelle-Lepretre S, Billaud G, Ader F, Casalegno JS, Nave V, Boutolleau D, Michallet M, Lina B, Morfin F. Resistance of herpes simplex viruses to acyclovir: an update from a ten-year survey in France. Antiviral research. 2014 Nov 1;111:36-41 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.08.013 PMid:25218782
- Boyd MR, Bacon TH, Sutton DA, Cole MA. Antiherpesvirus activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-methylbut-1-yl) guanine (BRL 39123) in cell culture. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 1987 Aug 1;31(8):1238-42. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.31.8.1238 PMid:3631945 PMCid:PMC174911
- Sekita Y, Murakami K, Yumoto H, Hirao K, Amoh T, Fujiwara N, Hirota K, Fujii H, Matsuo T, Miyake Y, Kashiwada Y. Antibiofilm and anti-inflammatory activities of houttuynia cordata decoction for oral care. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017;2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2850947 PMid:29234378 PMCid:PMC5662838
- Chiang LC, Chang JS, Chen CC, Ng LT, Lin CC. Anti-Herpes simplex virus activity of Bidens pilosa and Houttuynia cordata. The American journal of Chinese medicine. 2003;31(03):355-62. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X03001090 PMid:12943167
- Li W, Wang XH, Luo Z, Liu LF, Yan C, Yan CY, Chen GD, Gao H, Duan WJ, Kurihara H, Li YF. Traditional Chinese medicine as a potential source for HSV-1 therapy by acting on virus or the susceptibility of host. International journal of molecular sciences. 2018 Oct;19(10):3266. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103266 PMid:30347851 PMCid:PMC6213986
- Clem AS. Fundamentals of vaccine immunology. Journal of global infectious diseases. 2011 Jan;3(1):73. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-777X.77299 PMid:21572612 PMCid:PMC3068582
- Awasthi S, Lubinski JM, Eisenberg RJ, Cohen GH, Friedman HM. An HSV-1 gD mutant virus as an entry-impaired live virus vaccine. Vaccine. 2008 Feb 26;26(9):1195-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.032 PMid:18243431 PMCid:PMC2680698
- Leroux-Roels G, Clément F, Vandepapelière P, Fourneau M, Heineman T, Dubin G. Immunogenicity and safety of different formulations of an adjuvanted glycoprotein D genital herpes vaccine in healthy adults: a double-blind randomized trial. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 2013 Jun 12;9(6):1254-62. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.24043 PMid:23434737 PMCid:PMC3901814
- Wald A, Bernstein D, Fife K, Lee P, Tyring S, Van Wagoner N. Novel therapeuticvaccine for genital herpes reduces genital HSV-2 shedding. In: 53rd InterscienceConference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2013.
- Long D, Skoberne M, Gierahn TM, Larson S, Price JA, Clemens V, et al.Identification of novel virus-specific antigens by CD4+ and CD8+ T cellsfrom asymptomatic HSV-2 seropositive and seronegative donors. Virology2014;464-465:296-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.018 PMid:25108380
- Skoberne M, Cardin R, Lee A, Kazimirova A, Zielinski V, Garvie D, et al. Anadjuvanted herpes simplex virus 2 subunit vaccine elicits a T cell responsein mice and is an effective therapeutic vaccine in guinea pigs. J Virol2013;87(7):3930-42. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02745-12 PMid:23365421 PMCid:PMC3624190
- Wald A, Koelle DM, Fife K, Warren T, Leclair K, Chicz RM, et al. Safety andimmunogenicity of long HSV-2 peptides complexed with rhHsc70 in HSV-2seropositive persons. Vaccine 2011;29(47):8520-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.046 PMid:21945262
- Dutton JL, Li B, Woo W-P, Marshak JO, Xu Y, Huang M-l, et al. A novel DNAvaccine technology conveying protection against a lethal herpes simplex viralchallenge in mice. PLOS ONE 2013;8(10):e76407. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076407 PMid:24098493 PMCid:PMC3789751
- Veselenak RL, Shlapobersky M, Pyles RB, Wei Q, Sullivan SM, Bourne N. AVaxfectin®-adjuvanted HSV-2 plasmid DNA vaccine is effective for prophy-lactic and therapeutic use in the guinea pig model of genital herpes. Vaccine2012;30(49):7046-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.057 PMid:23041125 PMCid:PMC3807597
- Bernard M-C, Barban V, Pradezynski F, de Montfort A, Ryall R, CailletC, et al. Immunogenicity protective efficacy, and non-replicative status ofthe HSV-2 vaccine candidate HSV529 in mice and Guinea pigs. PLOS ONE2015;10(4):e0121518. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121518 PMid:25837802 PMCid:PMC4383384
- Awasthi S, Huang J, Shaw C, Friedman HM. Blocking herpes simplex virus2 glycoprotein E immune evasion as an approach to enhance Efficacy ofa trivalent subunit antigen vaccine for genital herpes. J Virol 2014;88(15):8421-32. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01130-14 PMid:24829358 PMCid:PMC4135967
- Halford WP, Puschel R, Gershburg E, Wilber A, Gershburg S, Rakowski B.A live-attenuated HSV-2 ICP0-virus elicits 10 to 100 times greater protec-tion against genital herpes than a glycoprotein D subunit vaccine. PLoS ONE2011;6(3):e17748. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017748 PMid:21412438 PMCid:PMC3055896
- Luo C, Goshima F, Kamakura M, Mutoh Y, Iwata S, Kimura H, et al. Immunizationwith a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1mutant HF10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplexvirus type 2. Front Microbiol 2012;3:158. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00158 PMid:22557998 PMCid:PMC3339446
- Petro C, González PA, Cheshenko N, Jandl T, Khajoueinejad N, Bénard A, et al.Herpes simplex type 2 virus deleted in glycoprotein D protects against vaginal,skin and neural disease. eLife 2015;4:e06054. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06054 PMid:25756612 PMCid:PMC4352706
- Prichard MN, Kaiwar R, Jackman WT, Quenelle DC, Collins DJ, Kern ER, et al.Evaluation of AD472: a live attenuated recombinant herpes simplex virus type2 vaccine in guinea pigs. Vaccine 2005;23(46-47):5424-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.028 PMid:15950327 PMCid: PMC2718572
- Zhang P, Xie L, Balliet JW, Casimiro D, Yao F. Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) gly-coprotein dexpressing nonreplicating dominant-negative HSV-2 virus vaccineis superior to a gD2 subunit vaccine against HSV-2 genital infection in Guineapigs. PLOS ONE 2014;9(6):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101373 PMid:24979708 PMCid:PMC4076306
- Shin H, Iwasaki A. A vaccine strategy that protects against genital herpes byestablishing local memory T cells. Nature 2012;491(7424):463-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11522 PMid:23075848 PMCid:PMC3499630
- Morello CS, Kraynyak KA, Levinson MS, Chen Z, Lee K-F, Spector DH. InactivatedHSV-2 in MPL/alum adjuvant provides nearly complete protection against gen-ital infection and shedding following long term challenge and rechallenge. Vaccine 2012;30(46):6541-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.049 PMid:22947141 PMCid: PMC3754855
- Chiuppesi F, Vannucci L, De Luca A, Lai M, Matteoli B, Freer G, et al. Alentiviral vector-based, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B vaccineaffords cross-protection against HSV-1 and HSV-2 genital infections. J Virol2012;86(12):6563-74. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00302-12 PMid:22491465 PMCid:PMC3393530
- Cortesi R, Ravani L, Rinaldi F, Marconi P, Drechsler M, Manservigi M, et al.Intranasal immunization in mice with non-ionic surfactants vesicles contain-ing HSV immunogens: a preliminary study as possible vaccine against genitalherpes. Int J Pharm 2013;440(2):229-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.042 PMid:22743007
- Royer DJ, Hendrix JF, Larabee CM, Reagan AM, Sjoelund VH, Robertson DM, Carr DJ. Vaccine-induced antibodies target sequestered viral antigens to prevent ocular HSV-1 pathogenesis, preserve vision, and preempt productive neuronal infection. Mucosal immunology. 2019 May;12(3):827-39. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-019-0131-y PMid:30670763 PMCid:PMC6462227
- Belshe RB, Leone PA, Bernstein DI, Wald A, Levin MJ, Stapleton JT, Gorfinkel I, Morrow RL, Ewell MG, Stokes-Riner A, Dubin G. Efficacy results of a trial of a herpes simplex vaccine. New England Journal of Medicine. 2012 Jan 5;366(1):34-43. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1103151 PMid:22216840 PMCid:PMC3287348
- McLean CS, Erturk M, Jennings R, Ni Challanain D, Minson AC, Duncan I, Boursnell ME, Inglis SC. Protective vaccination against primary and recurrent disease caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 using a genetically disabled HSV-1. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1994 Nov 1;170(5):1100-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.5.1100 PMid:7963701
- Lu Z, Brans R, Akhrameyeva NV, Murakami N, Xu X, Yao F. High-level expression of glycoprotein D by a dominant-negative HSV-1 virus augments its efficacy as a vaccine against HSV-1 infection. Journal of investigative dermatology. 2009 May 1;129(5):1174-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2008.349 PMid:19005489 PMCid:PMC2669847
- De Chiara G, Piacentini R, Fabiani M, Mastrodonato A, Marcocci ME, Limongi D, Napoletani G, Protto V, Coluccio P, Celestino I, Puma DD. Recurrent herpes simplex virus-1 infection induces hallmarks of neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits in mice. PLoS pathogens. 2019 Mar;15(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007617 PMid:30870531 PMCid:PMC6417650
- Herpes simplex virus. Who.int. 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/herpes-simplex-virus (Accessed: 11 September 2020).
- De Chiara G, Piacentini R, Fabiani M, Mastrodonato A, Marcocci ME, Limongi D, Napoletani G, Protto V, Coluccio P, Celestino I, Puma DD. Recurrent herpes simplex virus-1 infection induces hallmarks of neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits in mice. PLoS pathogens. 2019 Mar;15(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007617 PMid:30870531 PMCid:PMC6417650
- Kulshreshtha G, Burlot AS, Marty C, Critchley A, Hafting J, Bedoux G, Bourgougnon N, Prithiviraj B. Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive material from Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile and its effect on herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). Marine drugs. 2015 Jan;13(1):558-80. https://doi.org/10.3390/md13010558 PMid:25603348 PMCid:PMC4306952
- Guo YJ, Luo T, Wu F, Mei YW, Peng J, Liu H, Li HR, Zhang SL, Dong JH, Fang Y, Zhao L. Involvement of TLR2 and TLR9 in the anti-inflammatory effects of chlorogenic acid in HSV-1-infected microglia. Life sciences. 2015 Apr 15;127:12-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.036 PMid:25744394
- Coelho GR, Mendonça RZ, Vilar KD, Figueiredo CA, Badari JC, Taniwaki N, Namiyama G, Oliveira MI, Curti SP, Evelyn Silva P, Negri G. Antiviral action of hydromethanolic extract of geopropolis from Scaptotrigona postica against antiherpes simplex virus (HSV-1). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2015;2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/296086 PMid:25861357 PMCid:PMC4377393
- Musarra-Pizzo M, Pennisi R, Ben-Amor I, Smeriglio A, Mandalari G, Sciortino MT. In Vitro Anti-HSV-1 Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts and Pure Polyphenol Compounds Derived from Pistachios Kernels (Pistacia vera L.). Plants. 2020 Feb;9(2):267. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020267 PMid:32085514 PMCid:PMC7076519
- Rittà M, Marengo A, Civra A, Lembo D, Cagliero C, Kant K, Lal UR, Rubiolo P, Ghosh M, Donalisio M. Antiviral Activity of a Arisaema Tortuosum Leaf Extract and Some of its Constituents against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2. Planta Medica. 2020 Mar;86(04):267-75. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1087-8303 PMid:31968380
- Wang Z, Jia J, Wang L, Li F, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Song X, Qin S, Zheng K, Ye J, Ren Z. Anti-HSV-1 activity of Aspergillipeptide D, a cyclic pentapepetide isolated from fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41501. Virology journal. 2020 Dec;17(1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01322-0 PMid:32238179 PMCid:PMC7110650
- Michaelis M, Kleinschmidt MC, Rabenau HF, Wass MN, Cinatl Jr J. Omeprazole increases the efficacy of acyclovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2019;10:2790. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02790 PMid:31849920 PMCid:PMC6901432
- Azzam RA, Osman RR, Elgemeie GH. Efficient Synthesis and Docking Studies of Novel Benzothiazole-Based Pyrimidinesulfonamide Scaffolds as New Antiviral Agents and Hsp90α Inhibitors. ACS Omega. 2020 Jan 9. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b03706 PMid:32010839 PMCid:PMC6990646
- Rutkowski AJ, Erhard F, L'Hernault A, Bonfert T, Schilhabel M, Crump C, Rosenstiel P, Efstathiou S, Zimmer R, Friedel CC, Dölken L. Widespread disruption of host transcription termination in HSV-1 infection. Nature communications. 2015 May 20;6:7126. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8126 PMid:25989971 PMCid:PMC4441252
- Yu X, Li Y, Chen Q, Su C, Zhang Z, Yang C, Hu Z, Hou J, Zhou J, Gong L, Jiang X. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 mediate species-specific modulations of programmed necrosis through the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit R1. Journal of virology. 2016 Jan 15;90(2):1088-95. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02446-15 PMid:26559832 PMCid:PMC4702709
How to cite this article
Vancouver
Moin AT, Chowdhury MAB, Riana SH, Ullah MA, Araf Y, Sarkar B, et al. An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures. ELECTRON J GEN MED. 2021;18(4):em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
APA
Moin, A. T., Chowdhury, M. A.-B., Riana, S. H., Ullah, M. A., Araf, Y., Sarkar, B., & Shohael, A. M. (2021). An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 18(4), em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
AMA
Moin AT, Chowdhury MAB, Riana SH, et al. An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures. ELECTRON J GEN MED. 2021;18(4), em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
Chicago
Moin, Abu Tayab, Mohammad Al-baruni Chowdhury, Sumaiya Hafiz Riana, Md. Asad Ullah, Yusha Araf, Bishajit Sarkar, and Abdullah Mohammad Shohael. "An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures". Electronic Journal of General Medicine 2021 18 no. 4 (2021): em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
Harvard
Moin, A. T., Chowdhury, M. A.-B., Riana, S. H., Ullah, M. A., Araf, Y., Sarkar, B., and Shohael, A. M. (2021). An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 18(4), em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869
MLA
Moin, Abu Tayab et al. "An Updated Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Infection: Insights from Origin to Mitigation Measures". Electronic Journal of General Medicine, vol. 18, no. 4, 2021, em299. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10869