Evaluating 13-HODE and 15-LOX as novel lipid-derived biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome: Insights from Iraqi patients
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Abdullah Abdulsattar Raeef 1 2 * , Hassan H Al-Saeed 2 , Sami Mekhlif Mishlish 3
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1 Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technology, University of Al Maarif, Al Anbar, IRAQ2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Collage of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IRAQ3 Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, IRAQ* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Background and objective: 13-HODE, a bioactive lipid derivative of linoleic acid, has emerged as a significant mediator in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), influencing inflammation and vascular function. Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) plays a crucial role in ACS by modulating inflammatory processes and influencing lipid metabolism within cardiovascular tissues. This study aims to assess the concentrations of 13-HODE and 15-LOX and their potential role as predictive biomarkers in ACS patients.
Methods and materials: The study enrolled 90 ACS patients and 90 controls aged 30–70. Blood samples were analyzed for biomarkers (troponin [Tp], creatine kinase MB [CK-MB], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], lipid profile, 13-HODE, and 15-LOX) via ELISA and Ichroma device in addition to measurement of HbA1c%. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS, ANOVA, and ROC tests and correlation coefficient.
Results: This study examined 13-HODE and 15-LOX levels in 90 ACS patients and 90 controls, finding significantly higher levels in ACS patients (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.015, respectively). 13-HODE demonstrated strong diagnostic potential (area under the curve [AUC] 0.735, sensitivity 70%, specificity 71.9%), while 15-LOX showed a moderate value (AUC 0.622). CK-MB, hs-CRP, and Tp exhibited superior diagnostic accuracy (e.g., CK-MB AUC 0.963). 13-HODE correlated negatively with HbA1c, and 15-LOX linked negatively with LDL and cholesterol, highlighting their roles in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis, and supporting their utility as complementary ACS biomarkers.
Conclusions: The study found that 13-HODE and 15-LOX differ significantly between ACS patients and controls, with 13-HODE showing stronger diagnostic potential. CK-MB, hs-CRP, and Tp exhibited high diagnostic utility, while 15-LOX correlates with lipid oxidation and atherosclerosis.

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Article Type: Original Article

ELECTRON J GEN MED, Volume 22, Issue 3, June 2025, Article No: em651

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/16264

Publication date: 01 May 2025

Online publication date: 09 Apr 2025

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Article Downloads: 103

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