Hearing impairment in relation to vitamin D status in type 2 diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study
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Fatma Mohamed Elhussieny 1 * , Iman Ibrahim Mohamed Eladawy 2 , Inass Hassan Ahmad 3 , Eman Mahmoud 3 , Nashwa El-Khouly 4 , Ghada F Elmohaseb 4 , Asmaa F Elsyed 1 , Eman M I Youssef 5 6 , Eman S M Bayoumy 5 6 , Sally Said Abd Elhamed 4
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1 Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT2 Department of ENT, Audiovestibular medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT3 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT4 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT6 Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the association of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) and hearing impairment type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In addition, we aimed to examine whether T2DM-associated hearing impairment is correlated with the severity of diabetes.
Methods: The present case-control study recruited adult patients with T2DM and healthy controls. Using pure-tone stimuli, we used an audiometer to assess the hearing thresholds of air conduction in each ear separately.
Results: 84 patients and 32 volunteers were included. The serum 25OHD was lower in T2DM patients than in healthy control (12.24±1.3 versus 23.19±5.69, respectively; p<0.001). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 100% in the T2DM group, compared to 25% in the control group (p=0.001). T2DM patients exhibited higher hearing thresholds at all tested frequencies compared to the control group (p<0.001). Diabetic patients with hearing impairment had a significantly lower serum 25OHD than the normal hearing group (11.7±1.2 versus 12.6±1.2 ng/d; p=0.02). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that serum 25OHD level was an independent predictor of hearing loss among diabetic patients (β=-0.605; p=0.041).
Conclusions: The present study highlights the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in developing hearing impairment in the setting of T2DM. We found a negative correlation between serum 25OHD level and air conduction thresholds at low-mid and high frequencies amongst patients with T2DM.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Original Article

ELECTRON J GEN MED, Volume 20, Issue 5, October 2023, Article No: em526

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13467

Publication date: 01 Sep 2023

Online publication date: 09 Jul 2023

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